Cronicidad, violencia y longitud de trayectoria criminal. Hombres detenidos por violencia doméstica

Chronicity, violence and criminal trajectory length. Men arrested for domestic violence

Mauricio Valdivia-Devia , Juan Carlos Oyanedel , Antonio Andrés-Pueyo , Marta Fuentes Araya , Mauricio Valdivia-Monzón

Suma Psicológica, (2020), 27(2), pp. 116-124.

Recibido el 21 de febrero de 2020
Aceptado el 28 de agosto de 2020

doi: https://doi.org/10.14349/sumapsi.2020.v27.n2.6

Resumen

Los delincuentes crónicos resultan ser los responsables de la mayor parte de la actividad criminal, además de ser los más persistentes y violentos. Existe escasa evidencia longitudinal que permita conocer cómo se manifiesta la cronicidad en agresores de violencia doméstica. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el criterio más adecuado para diferenciar a los hombres crónicos y establecer la relación que existe entre cronicidad, violencia, versatilidad y duración de la carrera criminal en 10 505 hombres chilenos detenidos por delitos de violencia en el ámbito familiar en el 2007, con base en todas las nuevas detenciones producidas los siguientes diez años. El diseño es longitudinal pseudoprospectivo, tal como si correspondiera a un estudio longitudinal prospectivo. Los resultados muestran que tres o más delitos bastan para identificar adecuadamente carreras criminales crónicas, y que un 12.7% del total de hombres pueden considerarse graves, violentos y crónicos, al presentar una trayectoria criminal de entre ocho y diez años, ser responsables de más del 37% del total de las reincidencias, alcanzar un promedio de delitos significativamente alto y versátiles, así como una elevada prevalencia en delitos violentos.


Palabras clave:
Reincidencia, cronicidad, duración de la carrera, trayectoria, violencia en el ámbito familiar

Abstract

Chronical criminals turn out to be responsible of most of the criminal activity, in addition to being the most persistent and violent. There exists limited longitudinal evidence that allows knowing how chronicity manifests itself in domestic violence aggressors. The objective of this investigation is to identify the most appropriate criteria to differentiate chronic men and establish the relationship between chronicity, violence and duration of the criminal career in 10 505 Chilean men arrested for domestic violence crimes in 2007, based on all new arrests produced the next 10 years. The design is a longitudinal pseudo-prospective, as if it corresponded to a prospective longitudinal study. The results show that three or more crimes are enough to properly identify chronic criminal careers, and that 12.7% of all men can be considered as serious, violent and chronic, presenting a criminal trajectory between eight and ten years, being responsible for more than 37% of total recidivism, reach a significantly high average of crimes and high prevalence of violent crimes.


Keywords:
Recidivism, chronicity, career duration, trajectory, violence in the family environment

Artículo Completo
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