Factor Structure and Invariance Analysis of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R) in a Brazilian Population
Estrutura Fatorial e Análise de Invariância da Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R) em uma População Brasileira
Andre Faro , Daiane Nunes dos Santos , William W. Eaton
Suma Psicológica, (2021), 28(1), pp. 10-16.
Received 7 September 2019
Accepted 4 September 2020
Introdução: A Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R) foi elaborada para fornecer um eficiente diagnóstico de sintomas de depressão, seguindo a proposta original da CESD, que é uma das escalas para rastreamento da depressão mais utilizadas mundialmente. Esta pesquisa avaliou a estrutura fatorial da CESD-R em uma população não-clínica no Brasil. Método: Realizaram-se análises fatoriais exploratória (AFE) e confirmatória (AFC) com duas amostras compostas por adultos. Também foi verificada a invariância do modelo por sexo e local de residência do participante. A amostra total foi composta por 1427 adultos, tendo sido dividida em duas subamostras. A primeira subamostra (n = 400) foi utilizada para a AFE e a segunda (n = 1027) para a AFC. Resultados: A AFE indicou uma estrutura interna composta por um único fator, que explicou 53.2% de variância. A AFC atestou unidimensionalidade da medida. Os índices de ajuste e indicadores de confiabilidade apresentaram valores acima do esperado, sem modificações na estrutura inicial. O modelo foi invariante em relação às variáveis investigadas em quatro diferentes níveis (configural, métrico, escalar e estrito). Conclusões: Os presentes achados suportam a utilidade da CESD-R
e sugerem sua validade para aplicação na população brasileira.
Palabras clave:
Depressão, CESD-R, análise fatorial exploratória, análise fatorial confirmatória, análise de invariância
Introduction: The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R) was developed to provide an efficient screening scale for depression syndrome, mimicking the original CESD, one of the most widely used screening tools to measure depressive symptoms globally. This investigation examined the factor structure of the CESD-R with a non-clinical Brazilian population. Method: We performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of two adult samples, and also conducted invariance analysis by sex and place of residence of the participants. The full sample consisted of 1,427 adults, divided into two groups. The first sample (n = 400) was used for the EFA and the second sample (n = 1027) for the CFA. Results: The EFA indicated an internal structure composed of a single factor, which explained 53.2% of the variance. The CFA attested to the unidimensionality of the measure. Fit indices and reliability indicators showed values higher than expected, without modifications in the initial structure. The model was invariant in relation to the variables investigated at four different levels (configural, metric, scalar, and strict). Conclusions: Our findings support the utility of the CESD-R and suggest its validity for application to the Brazilian population in general.
Keywords:
Depression, CESD-R, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, invariance analysis
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