Introduction: Gynecological cancer impacts women psychologically. In this process, the Coping Strategies-CS are apparently associated with Health-Related Quality of Life HRQL; however, the predictive value of CS on HRQL is unknown. This article aims to identify the differences and the nature of the relationship of HRQL and CS regarding psychological support, as well as to identify whether CS predict HRQL. Method: A non-experimental design was performed with 55 women between 27 and 69 years old, M = 42.3, DE = 10.1, diagnosed with gynecological cancer. The HRQL was evaluated with the FACT-Cx and the SF-36; and the CS, with CAEPO (Spanish acronym). Results: Women with psychological support have better HRQL and CS, likewise, HRQL was correlated with positive CS. The general health dimension is also explained by positive CS, and inversely by negative CS. The CS that best predict HRQL are: active confrontation and fighting, and self-control and emotional control, while negative CS affect HRQL. Conclusion: The results highlight the need for psychological support that promotes positive CS and benefits HRQL in women with gynecological cancer.

---

Keywords:
Clinical psychology, health care psychology, wellness, social support, oncology

03_20118_Calidad_vida

Acosta-Zapata, E., López-Ramón, C., Martínez-Cortés, M., & Zapata-Vázquez, R. (2017). Funcionalidad familiar y estrategias de afrontamiento en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Horizonte Sanitario, 16(2), 139. https://doi.org/10.19136/hs.a16n2.1629

Aguirre-Loaiza, H., Núñez, C., Navarro, A., & Cortés, S. (2017). Calidad de vida según el estadio del cáncer de seno en mujeres: Análisis desde el FACT-B y SF-36. Psychologia, Avances de La Disciplina, 11(1), 109-120.

Alonso, J., Prieto, L., & Antó, J. (1995). La versión española del SF-36 Health Survey (Cuestionario de Salud SF-36): un instrumento para la medida de los resultados clínicos. Medicina Clinica, 104, 771-776.

Álviz, A., Martínez, J., Marrugo, A., Taron, A., & Diaz, A. (2016). Adherencia, satisfacción al tratamiento y calidad de vida de pacientes con cáncer de mama en el Hospital Universitario del Caribe (Cartagena, Colombia). Pharmaceutical Care España, 18(6), 251-264. https://www.pharmcareesp.com/index.php/PharmaCARE/article/view/355

Baiocchi, A., Lugo, E., Palomino, N., & Tam, E. (2013). Estilos de afrontamiento en pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino. Servicio de ginecología de un instituto nacional. Revista Enfermería Herediana, 6(1), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.20453/renh.v6i1.2373

Barbosa-Granados, S., & Aguirre-Loaiza, H. (2020). Actividad física y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en una comunidad académica. Revista Pensamiento Psicológico, 18(2), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javerianacali.PPSI18-2.afcv

Barroilhet, S., Forjaz, M., & Garrido, E. (2005). Conceptos, teorías y factores psicosociales en la adaptación al cáncer. Actas Española de Psiquiatría, 33(6), 390-397.

Benavides, H. J., Polo, E. Y., Rodríguez, D. M., Tovar, P., & Pineda-Marín, C. (2020). Estrategias de aceptabilidad de la vacunación contra el virus del papiloma humano: una revisión sistemática. Suma Psicológica, 27(2), 125-141. https://doi.org/10.14349/sumapsi.2020.v27.n2.7

Bjelic-Radisic, V., Jensen, P., Vlasic, K., Waldenstrom, A., Singer, S., Chie, W., Nordin, A., & Greimel, E. (2012). Quality of life characteristics in patients with cervical cancer. European Journal of Cancer, 48(16), 3009-3018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2012.05.011

Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R., Torre, L., & Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(6), 394-424. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492

Canada, A., Parker, P., de Moor, J., Basen-Engquist, K., Ramondetta, L., & Cohen, L. (2006). Active coping mediates the association between religion/spirituality and quality of life in ovarian cancer. Gynecologic Oncology, 101(1), 102-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.09.045

Cella, D., Tulsky, D., Gray, G., Sarafian, B., Linn, E., Bonomi, A., Silberman, M., Yellen, S. B., Winicour, P., Brannon, J., Eckberg, K., Lloyd, S., Purl, S., Blendowski, C., Goodman, M., Barnicle, M., Stewart, I., Mchale, M., Bonomi, P.,…Harris, J. (1993). The functional assessment of cancer therapy scale: development and validation of the general measure. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 11(3), 570-579. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1993.11.3.570

Cheng, C., Ho, S., Liu, W., Hou, C., Lim, C., Gao, S., Chang, W., & Wang, G. (2019). Cancer-coping profile predicts long-term psychological functions and quality of life in cancer survivors. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(3), 933-941. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4382-z

Chow, K., Chan, J. Y., Choi, K. C., & Chan, C. (2016). A review of psychoeducational interventions to improve sexual functioning, quality of life, and psychological outcomes in gynecological cancer patients. Cancer Nursing, 39(1), 20-31. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000234

Colegio Colombiano de Psicólogos. (2016). Deontología y bioética del ejercicio de la psicología en Colombia. Manual Moderno.

Coppin, A., Shumway-Cook, A., Saczynski, J., Patel, K., Ble, A., Ferrucci, L., & Guralnik, J. (2006). Association of executive function and performance of dual-task physical tests among older adults: analyses from the InChianti study. Age and Ageing, 35(6), 619-624. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afl107

Crangle, C., Torbit, L., Ferguson, S., & Hart, T. (2020). Dyadic coping mediates the effects of attachment on quality of life among couples facing ovarian cancer. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 43(4), 564-575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-019-00096-3

Dallabrida, F., Loro, M., Schmidt, C., Rosanelli, P., De Souza, M., Gomes, J., Cristina, A., & Kolankiewicz, B. (2014). Qualidade de vida de mulheres tratadas por câncer do colo de útero* Quality of life of women undergoing treatment for cervical cancer Calidad de vida de mujeres tratadas por cáncer de cuello uterino, 21(151), 116-122. https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.2014000100015

Ellis, P. (2010). The essential guide to effect sizes. Cambridge University Press.

Erceg-Hurn, D., & Mirosevich, V. (2008). Modern robust statistical methods: An easy way to maximize the accuracy and power of your research. American Psychologist, 63(7), 591-601. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.63.7.591

Fawzy, F., Fawzy, N., Hyun, S., Elashoff, R., Guthrie, D., Fahey, J., & Morton, D. (1993). Malignant melanoma. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(9), 681. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820210015002

Gómez, M., & Lagoueyte, M. (2012). El apoyo social: estrategia para afrontar el cáncer de cérvix. Avances En Enfermería, 30(1), 32-41. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/avenferm/article/view/35430/36127

González, M. (2004). Cuestionario de afrontamiento al estrés para pacientes oncológicos -CAEPO. Ediciones TEA.

González-Martín, A. (2015). El cáncer ginecológico. Arbor Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura, 191(mayo-junio), 313-314.

Grissom, R. (1994). Probability of the superior outcome of one treatment over another. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(2), 314–316. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.2.314

Grissom, R., & Kim, J. (2005). Effect size for research. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Hernández, R., Calderon, C., Carmona-Bayonas, A., Rodríguez Capote, A., Jara, C., Padilla Álvarez, A., Gómez-Camacho, M., Beato, C., Castelo, B., Majem, M., Muñoz, M. del M., Ivars, A., Mangas-Izquierdo, M., Rogado-Revuelta, J., & Jimenez-Fonseca, P. (2019). Differences in coping strategies among young adults and the elderly with cancer. Psychogeriatrics, psyg.12420. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12420

Hidalgo-Troya, A., Pantoja-Córdoba, A., Sañudo-Vélez, P., & Rocha-Buelvas, A. (2016). Coping and quality of life in oncologic patients of the province of Nariño, Colombia. Revista Facultad de Medicina, 64(2), 181-188. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v64n2.52409

Holland, K., & Holahan, C. (2003). The relation of social support and coping to positive adaptation to breast cancer. Psychology & Health, 18(1), 15-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/0887044031000080656

Holt, K.., Mogensen, O., Jensen,. T., & Hansen. G. (2015). Goal setting in cancer rehabilitation and relation to quality of life among women with gynaecological cancer. Acta Oncologica. https://doi.org/10.3109/0284186X.2015.1037009

JASP Team. (2020). JASP (versión 0.14.1) [Computer software]. https://jasp-stats.org/

Jassim, G., Whitford, D., Hickey, A., & Carter, B. (2015). Psychological interventions for women with non-metastatic breast cancer. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2015(5), CD008729.

Lagoueyte, M.., Gómez-Gómez, M.., & Velásquez, A. (2016). Religiosidad: baluarte en el afrontamiento del cáncer de cérvix. Revista Cubana de Enfermería, 32(1), 6-15.

Llull, D., Zanier, J., & García, F. (2003). Afrontamiento y calidad de vida. Un estudio de pacientes con cáncer. PSICO-USF, 8(2), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-82712003000200009

Lostaunau, V., Torrejón, C., & Cassaretto, M. (2017). Estrés, afrontamiento y calidad de vida relacionada a la salud en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Actualidades en Psicología, 31(122), 75. https://doi.org/10.15517/ap.v31i122.25345

Manne, S. L., Myers-Virtue, S., Kashy, D., Ozga, M., Kissane, D., Heckman, C., Rubin, S., & Rosenblum, N. (2015). Resilience, positive coping, and quality of life among women newly diagnosed with gynecological cancers. Cancer Nursing, 38(5), 375-382. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000215

Martín, J., Sánchez, M., & Sierra, J. (2005). Evaluación de calidad de vida en pacientes con cáncer: una revisión. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 14, 34-45.

Martínez, P., Conchado, A., Andreu, Y., & Galdón, M. (2019). Psychometric properties of the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 in a heterogeneous sample of adult cancer patients. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 51(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2019.v51.n1.1

Menezes, C., Fregnani, S., Tavares, H., Fregnani, G., Do, M., Dias De Oliveira Latorre, R., & Maria De Almeida, A. (2013). Evalua­tion of the psychometric properties of the functional assess­ment of cancer therapy-cervix questionnaire in Brazil. PLoS ONE, 8(10), Article e77947. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077947

Merluzzi, T., Chirico, A., Serpentini, S., Yang, M., & Philip, E. (2019). The role of coping in the relationship between stressful life events and quality of life in persons with cancer. Psychology & Health, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2018.1545905

Mingorance, M.., Arbinaga, F., Márquez, J., & Bayo-Calero, J. (2019). Coping strategies and self-esteem in women with breast cancer. Anales de Psicologia, 35(2), 188-194. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.35.2.336941

Noreña-Quiceno, C., & Tamayo-Acevedo, L. S. (2010). Cáncer de cuello uterino: análisis de la calidad de un programa. Aquichan, 10(1), 52-68.

Núñez, C., Navarro, A., Cortés, S., López, J., Aguirre-Loaiza, H., & Trujillo, C. (2018). Imagen corporal (IC) y estrategias de afrontamiento (EA): Análisis de las características médico quirúrgicas en mujeres con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama. Terapia Psicológica, 36(2), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48082018000200059

Panobianco, M., Pimentel, A., Almeida, A., & Oliveira, I. (2012). Mulheres com diagnóstico avançado do câncer do colo do útero: Enfrentando a doença e o tratamento. Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia, 58(3), 517-523.

Pérez, P., Gónzalez, A., Mieles, I., & Uribe, A. (2017). Relación del apoyo social, las estrategias de afrontamiento y los factores clínicos y sociodemográficos en pacientes oncológicos. Pensamiento Psicológico, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.11144/javerianacali.ppsi15-2.rase

Porro, L., Andres, L., & Rodriguez-Espínola, S. (2012). Regulación emocional y cáncer: utilización diferencial de la expresión y supresión emocional en pacientes oncológicos. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 30(2), 341-355.

Religioni, U., Czerw, A., Badowska-Kozakiewicz, A., & Deptała, A. (2020). Assessment of pain, acceptance of illness, adjustment to life, and strategies of coping with illness among patients with gastric cancer. Journal of Cancer Education, 35, 724-730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01519-0

Sánchez, R., Villamizar, L., & Ortiz, N. (2011). Validación de la escala FACT-Cx en Colombia usando el modelo de teoría de respuesta al ítem. Revista Colombiana de Cancerología, 15(1), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0123-9015(11)70076-2

Sánchez-Pedraza, R., Sierra-Matamoros, F., & Morales-Mesa, O. (2017). Relación entre calidad de vida y provisión de cuidado paliativo en mujeres con cáncer en Colombia: Un estudio transversal. Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, 68(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.2979

Sharif, S., & Khanekharab, J. (2017). External locus of control and quality of life among Malaysian breast cancer patients: The mediating role of coping strategies. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 35(6), 706-725. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2017.1308984

Siwik, C., Hicks, A., Phillips, K., Rebholz, W., Zimmaro, L., Weissbecker, I., Cash, E., & Sephton, S. E. (2020). Impact of coping strategies on perceived stress, depression, and cortisol profiles among gynecologic cancer patients. Journal of Health Psychology, 25(7), 993-1003. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317740737

Smith, S., Chizen, D., & Agrawal, A. (2015). Coping with cancer examining the supports available to women with gynecologic cancer at Saskatoon Cancer Center. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 25(1), 174-179. https://doi.org/10.1097/IGC.0000000000000322

Torrecilla, M., Casari, L., & Rivas, J. (2016). Afrontamiento y calidad de vida en pacientes oncológicas. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencia Psicológica, 8(3), 1-16.

Tuncay, T. (2014). Coping and quality of life in Turkish women living with ovarian cancer. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 15(9), 4005-4012. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.9.4005

Vilagut, G., Ferrer, M., Rajmil, L., Rebollo, P., Permanyer-Miralda, G., Quintana, J., Santed, R., Valderas, J.., Domingo-Salvany, A., & Alonso, J. (2005). El cuestionario de salud SF-36 español: Una década de experiencia y nuevos desarrollos. Gaceta Sanitaria, 19(2), 135-150. https://doi.org/10.1157/13074369

Wild, C., Stewart, B.., & Weiderpass, E. (2020). World Cancer Report: Cancer research for cancer prevention. En C. P. Wild, B. W. Stewart, & E. Weiderpass (Eds.), WHO Press. http://publications.iarc.fr/586.

World Medical Association. (2013). Declaración de Helsinki de la AMM – Principios éticos para las investigaciones médicas en seres humanos. World Medical Association, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053