Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Desconexión Moral Colectiva en el Aula en adolescentes peruanos

Psychometric properties of the Classroom Collective Moral Disengagement Scale among peruvian adolescents

Carlos Puma-Maque , Michael White , María del Carmen Cárdenas-Zúñiga

Suma Psicológica, (2024), 31(1), pp. 45-53.

Recibido el 10 de marzo de 2024
Aceptado el 12 de junio de 2024

https://doi.org/10.14349/sumapsi.2024.v31.n1.6

Resumen

Introducción: la desconexión moral colectiva (DMC) emplea mecanismos que distorsionan la percepción moral y justifican comportamientos cuestionables en un grupo, y permiten que estos se desvinculen éticamente de acciones perjudiciales. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Desconexión Moral Colectiva en el Aula en adolescentes peruanos. Método: se analizaron 646 adolescentes peruanos de siete instituciones educativas secundarias (edad promedio 13.73 años). La escala se tradujo al español y se evaluó mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio y teoría de respuesta al ítem. Resultados: se encontró que el instrumento sigue un modelo unidimensional con 17 ítems, presentando adecuados índices de ajuste y confiabilidad (α = .97; ω = .97). La invarianza por sexo y edad se confirmó, demostrando equivalencia en ambos grupos. Los resultados de la Teoría Respuesta Ítem (TRI) respaldaron la fiabilidad y validez de la escala. Conclusiones: se ha demostrado que la escala posee niveles destacados de calidad psicométrica, lo que la hace idónea para su aplicación en la evaluación de estrategias que podrían representar un riesgo para el ambiente escolar de esta población.


Palabras clave:
Desconexión moral colectiva, psicometría, teoría de respuesta al ítem, invarianza de medida.

Abstract

Introduction: Collective Moral Disengagement (CMD) employs mechanisms that distort moral perception and justify questionable behaviors within a group, allowing members to ethically disengage from harmful actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Classroom Collective Moral Disengagement Scale (CCMDS) in Peruvian adolescents. Method: A sample of 646 Peruvian adolescents from seven secondary educational institutions (average age 13.73 years) was analyzed. The scale was translated into Spanish and assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Item Response Theory. Results: The instrument was found to follow a unidimensional model with 17 items, showing adequate fit indices and reliability (α = .97; ω = .97). Invariance by sex and age was confirmed, demonstrating equivalence across both groups. The IRT results supported the scale’s reliability and validity. Conclusions: The scale has been shown to have high levels of psychometric quality, making it suitable for evaluating strategies that may pose a risk to the school environment for this population.


Keywords:
Collective moral disengagement, psychometric, item response theory, measurement invariance.

Artículo Completo
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