Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-Sp): Equivalence in Mexico and Spain

Propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario Disejecutivo en Español (DEX-Sp): equivalencia en México y España

Jaime Martín del Campo-Ríos , Christian Enrique Cruz-Torres , Óscar Fernández-Ballbé , Paola Eunice Díaz-Rivera

Suma Psicológica, (2025), 32(1), pp. 21-28.

Received 27 January 2025
Accepted 25 April 2025

https://doi.org/10.14349/sumapsi.2025.v32.n1.3

Resumen

Introducción/objetivo: Se obtuvieron evidencias de validez y confiabilidad del Cuestionario Disejecutivo en Español (DEX-Sp) en muestras no clínicas de México y España. Método: Mediante análisis factorial exploratorio se analizaron las respuestas de 335 adultos de México. Posteriormente, se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios y de invarianza con una muestra de 726 adultos del centro y norte de México (Edad promedio = 25.65 años, DE = 10.61) y 214 adultos de España (Edad promedio = 28.14 años, DE = 13.44). El Test de Identificación de Trastornos por consumo del alcohol (AUDIT) se utilizó como criterio externo de validez. Resultados: Se observaron niveles adecuados de confiabilidad, una estructura unifactorial y equivalencia configural entre las cuatro muestras. Asociaciones positivas entre el DEX-Sp y el AUDIT proporcionaron evidencia de validez basada en criterios externos. Se discute la exclusión de dos reactivos debido a su baja varianza compartida con el resto de la escala, sugiriendo que podrían medir aspectos que no forman parte del síndrome disejecutivo. Conclusiones: Se confirma una estructura unidimensional con índices de confiabilidad adecuados y evidencias de validez mediante criterios externos. Los resultados respaldan la utilidad del DEX-Sp como una medida válida y confiable de disfunción ejecutiva en muestras similares a las analizadas en México y España.


Palabras clave:
Síndrome disejecutivo, funciones ejecutivas, invarianza factorial, instrumento

Abstract

Introduction/Objectives: Evidence of validity and reliability was obtained for the Spanish version of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-Sp) in non-clinical samples from Mexico and Spain. Method: An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on responses from 335 adults in Mexico. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analyses and invariance testing were carried out with a sample of 726 adults from central and northern Mexico (Mean age = 25.65 years, SD = 10.61) and 214 adults from Spain (Mean age = 28.14 years, SD = 13.44). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used as an external validity criterion. Results: Adequate levels of reliability were observed, along with a unifactorial structure and configural equivalence across the four samples. Positive associations between the DEX-Sp and the AUDIT provided evidence of criterion-related validity. The exclusion of two items is discussed due to their low shared variance with the rest of the scale, suggesting they may assess aspects not constitutive of the dysexecutive syndrome. Conclusions: A unidimensional structure with adequate reliability and external validity evidence was confirmed. The results support the DEX-Sp as a valid and reliable measure of executive dysfunction in populations similar to those analysed in Mexico and Spain.


Keywords:
Dysexecutive syndrome, executive functions, factorial invariance, instrument

Artículo Completo
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